Describe 5 body functions controlled by the autonomic nervous system?

1. Heartbeat (increased by Sympathetic; decreased by Parasympathetic)





2. TIghtening of muscles of bronchioles (increased by Parasympathetic; decreased by Sympathetic)





3. Motility of food in the GI Tract (increased by Parasympathetic; decreased by Sympathetic)





4. Control of sphincter in the bladder (increased by Sympathetic; decreased by Parasympathetic)





5. Erection (Parasympathetic) and Ejaculation (Sympathetic)





6. Uterus Contraction (alpha-Sympathetic) and Uterus Relaxation (beta-Sympathetic)Describe 5 body functions controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Sympathetic nervous system


Promotes a ';fight or flight'; response, corresponds with arousal and energy generation, and inhibits digestion.





Diverts blood flow away from the gastro-intestinal (GI) tract and skin via vasoconstriction.


Blood flow to skeletal muscles and the lungs is not only maintained, but enhanced (by as much as 1200% in the case of skeletal muscles).


Dilates bronchioles of the lung, which allows for greater alveolar oxygen exchange.


Increases heart rate and the contractility of cardiac cells (myocytes), thereby providing a mechanism for the enhanced blood flow to skeletal muscles.


Dilates pupils and relaxes the lens, allowing more light to enter the eye.


Provides vasodilation for the coronary vessels of the heart.


Inhibits peristalsis.





[edit] Parasympathetic nervous system


Promotes a ';rest and digest'; response, promotes calming of the nerves return to regular function, and enhances digestion.





Dilates blood vessels leading to the GI tract, increasing blood flow. This is important following the consumption of food, due to the greater metabolic demands placed on the body by the gut.


The parasympathetic nervous system can also constrict the bronchiolar diameter when the need for oxygen has diminished.


Dedicated cardiac branches of the Vagus and thoracic Spinal Accessory nerves impart Parasympathetic control of the Heart or Myocardium.


During accommodation, the parasympathetic nervous system causes constriction of the pupil and lens.


The parasympathetic nervous system stimulates salivary gland secretion, and accelerates peristalsis, so, in keeping with the rest and digest functions, appropriate PNS activity mediates digestion of food and indirectly, the absorption of nutrients.


Is also involved in erection of genitals, via the pelvic splanchnic nerves 2鈥?.Describe 5 body functions controlled by the autonomic nervous system?
Autonomic nervous system


The autonomic nervous system (ANS) controls the bodies internal environment


It is important in the process of homeostasis


Helps control the heart rate, blood pressure, digestion, respiration, blood pH and other bodily functions


These controls are done automatically below the conscious level


The hypothalamus has important role in co-ordinating autonomic function


In the ANS there are two nerves between the central nervous system (CNS) and the end organ


The nerve cell bodies for the second nerve are organized into ganglia


The ANS effects its function via neural transmission as follows:


Central nervous system


Preganglionic nerve


Ganglion


Postganglionic nerve


End organ


At each junction neurotransmitters are released


The ANS has two divisions that differ in anatomy and function